我们就俄罗斯发行人存托凭证计划终止及俄罗斯法律引入强制转换机制后的投资回收与重组事宜,为外国存托凭证持有人提供法律咨询。
近年来,众多国际投资者在以下方面遭遇重大法律及程序性障碍:存托凭证转换为标的股票;在俄罗斯股东名册中进行所有权登记;行使股东权利;收取股息及其他公司分配;通过外国托管链条持有的证券的转让或处置。 MAGENTA Legal 在处理涉及存托凭证法定转换、与俄罗斯注册登记机构及市场基础设施机构协调、为非居民投资者构建合法合规解决方案等众多跨境事务方面积累了丰富经验。 我们的团队已协助大量外国持有人顺利完成转换程序、恢复对标的股票的访问权限,并在现行法律框架内寻求可行机制以实现其权利。 如果您在俄罗斯证券的投资仍处于冻结或法律受限状态,我们可以进行结构化的法律评估,并为您量身定制适当的行动方案。

我们的团队可协助您完成存托凭证转换及股息申领

350+

成功办理存托凭证转换的客户数量

15

涉及的差异化存托凭证计划

56+

百万欧元 - 所转换股票总价值

400+

成功转换案例数量

查看我们的最新ADR新闻

2026年2月17日

受益者友好的"不友好"公司: 他们能避免在俄罗斯的"C"型账户吗?

来自"不友好"司法管辖区的公司的地位并不明显。

2026年2月5日

«不友好»国家名单

2026年1月28日

CIAN PLC 美国存托凭证 (ADR):强制转换 截止日期与关键实务要点

CIAN PLC存托凭证强制转换的关键截止日期与操作要点。

2026年1月20日

存托凭证和转换股票的分红支付:投资者的新机遇

俄罗斯存托凭证恢复分红支付,并实施新的申领期限。

2025年12月17日

EVRAZ:股份已成功记入客户账户

EVRAZ的股票在申请获得批准后成功贷记给客户。

2025年11月21日

Ozon 强制转换:登记处公布最终费用结构

Ozon登记处公布了从5千卢布到120万卢布费率转换的最终收费结构(自2025年12月1日起生效)

2025年11月21日

OZON ADR/GDR Forced Conversion: Key Dates

We offer essential details about crucial dates and deadlines for the OZON ADR/GDR forced conversion.

2025年11月21日

OZON: Video on Forced Conversion of Depositary Receipts

Anton Shamatonov, MAGENTA Legal's Managing Partner, provides detailed answers to the questions conserning the upcomming procedure of forced conversion of OZON foreign depositary receipts (ADR/GDR).

2025年11月18日

常见问题解答:OZON存托凭证转换指南(2025年11月19日)

我们提供关于OZON存托凭证转换的详细信息,并解答有关俄罗斯法律规定的机制的常见问题——该机制允许将外国存托凭证(ADRs/GDRs)兑换为俄罗斯普通股。

2025年10月11日

Ozon Depository Receipts Forced Conversion: What Investors Need to Know

Ozon Holdings, one of Russia’s largest e-commerce companies, is in the final stages of redomiciliation – relocating its place of incorporation from abroad (Cyprus) to the Russian Federation.

2025年10月6日

EVRAZ SHARES: save your investments

Anton Shamatonov, Managing Partner of MAGENTA Legal, provides a comprehensive explanation of the relevant procedures and strategic options for investors of EVRAZ plc.

2025年10月5日

Evraz PLC: Direct Ownership of the Russian Assets of the EVRAZ Group

Shareholders of the British company EVRAZ plc can protect their investments by participating in the distribution (de facto conversion) of their shares into shares of the Russian company EVRAZ Group, which owns real assets. We have prepared a presentation on how this is possible.

2025年9月17日

Important Notice for EVRAZ plc Shareholders and Certificate Holders / NTMK conversion

If you hold shares of EVRAZ plc (or certificates evidencing such shares), you may now be entitled to convert them into shares of PJSC EVRAZ NTMK (“NTMK”) under Russian law

2025年9月11日

MAGENTA Legal has completed the forced conversion of HeadHunter Group PLC depositary receipts

MAGENTA Legal has completed the forced conversion of HeadHunter Group PLC depositary receipts: a detailed overview of the procedure, documentation, and new opportunities for investors

2025年8月25日

Inheritance of shares on "C" accounts: the question remains open

Can a heir (an "unfriendly" person) inherit in a type "C" depo account converted shares of Russian companies held by a testator (an "unfriendly" shareholder) at a type "C" depo account This is an important question for many shareholders from the EU and other "unfriendly" countries. 

2025年8月13日

Exchange of assets: New opportunities for “unfriendly” owners of type “C” accounts

Russian legislation now provides new options for the “exchange” of de facto frozen assets. If a Russian resident has assets (property, securities, etc.) maintained abroad, the disposal of which is restricted due to “unfriendly” actions of foreign states (a very broad definition), and the “unfriendly” person holds securities in Russia, these can be “exchanged”. 

2025年7月9日

Conversion of Depository Receipts (DRs) into Russian shares

Our clients often ask us questions about the conversion of DRs. We have also collected frequently asked questions and provide our answers.

2025年7月4日

MAGENTA Legal has completed the forced conversion of TCS Group Holding depositary receipts

MAGENTA Legal has completed the forced conversion of TCS Group Holding depositary receipts: a detailed overview of the procedure, documentation, and new opportunities for investors

2025年6月30日

News to all SBER shareholders

Exciting news for all Sber shareholders who have successfully converted their depositary receipts into shares. The Bank has announced unprecedented dividend payments for 2024.

2025年5月22日

Ratings: Kommersant

The season of legal ratings for 2024 is over. After Rossiyskaya Gazeta and Pravo-300, we are pleased to announce that our company has also been recognised by Kommersant.

2025年5月15日

Russian citizenship or residence permit in Russia (VNZh) can allow shareholders to use shares and dividends kept at the special type “C” accounts

Many of our clients ask us how citizens of the “unfriendly” countries (all EU countries, UK, US, etc.) can use their assets received to the special type “C” (or “S” – in Russian) accounts after converting depository receipts (DRs) of Gazprom, Tatneft, Lukoil, etc. into shares and/or receiving dividends on the type “C” accounts by these shareholders.

2025年3月7日

Depositary Receipts: Webinar 26 February 2025

German law firm AWARR.legal and Russian law firm MAGENTA Legal held another joint webinar on claiming the dividends for the shares converted from the depositary receipts of the Russian companies.

2025年2月21日

Gazprombank: information on paying fees and checking account status for the holders of shares

Gazprombank: information on paying fees and checking account status for the holders of shares. Is it possible for the share account holders to check its status online and pay bank commissions in advance?

2025年1月16日

Lukoil, Rosneft and Tatneft: new distribution of dividends

At the end of 2024 many Russian companies (including three major oil companies – Lukoil, Rosneft and Tatneft) held general meetings of shareholders in regard to the distribution of the dividends.

2025年1月15日

Ratings of law firms: MAGENTA Legal among the leaders

Last week the results of two legal ratings were published: first, Russian Gazette published the rating of the best lawyers and their firms, and a little later the award ceremony of the prestigious PRAVO-300 rating, which celebrated its 15th anniversary, took place. As a renewed brand, MAGENTA Legal took part in the rating for the first time – and was recognised in all 4 nominations of the federal ratings.

2024年10月15日

Transfer of all shares of the Russian companies kept on the type “C” (“S”) accounts from NSD to the Russian registrars has commenced

In accordance with the decision of the Central Bank of Russia dated 03/10/2024, based on the decree of the President of Russia No. 840 dated 02/10/2024, the transfer of all shares of the Russian companies kept on the type “C” (“S”) accounts in GPB/other nominal holders within the Russian National Settlement Depository (NSD) has commenced. The transfer is made from NSD to other Russian registrars (based on the respective issuer of the shares, for example, for GAZPROM it is registrar “Draga”). As can be concluded from the information available, NSD will no longer take part in this process.

2024年9月11日

Forced (mandatory) conversion of GDRs of VK (VKONTAKTE) has started

VK (VKONTAKTE) has announced the beginning of the forced (mandatory) conversion of its Global Depositary Receipts (GDRs). Filing of the Application for forced conversion with the Russian Registrar AO “MRZ” (JSC IRC, “Registrar”) to initiate forced conversion of VK GDRs is possible starting from 25.09.2024. The forced conversion will be over on 22.01.2025.

2024年8月7日

Lukoil, Tatneft, Rostelecom, PhosAgro: conversion of depository receipts extended till 01 October 2024

Positive news for the holders of Lukoil, Tatneft, Rostelecom and PhosAgro depository receipts (DRs) – according to Citibank's recent announcement, Citi shall keep their books opened till 01 October. It means that currently the last day of conversion of these DRs will be on 30.09.2024.

2024年8月2日

OFAC has authorized transactions with NSD till 12.10.2024 – possible option for prolongation of DR conversion

The U.S. Treasury Department's Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC) has issued 2 general licenses under which certain transactions with the Russian National Settlement Depository (NSD) can be made until 12.10.2024. This means that communication with the Russian NSD will be possible for at least the next 2,5 months.

2024年7月30日

Hindered and delisted Global Depositary Receipts (GDRs) (2024) of Russia-related companies: Is there a difference?

Many clients ask us about the situation with the GDRs of the Russia-related companies – Were they delisted? Is trading possible? Can they be sold? The answer is usually negative, since the majority of stock exchanges hindered these securities in 2022-2023. However, not all of them are completely delisted, which means that in theory for some of them trading can still be resumed.

2024年7月27日

Samolet Plus aims to raise 0.8 billion RUB in pre-IPO

Samolet Plus, a provider of housing solutions and part of the Samolet Group, plans to raise up to 825 million RUB in a pre-IPO process, according to Interfax. The IPO on the Moscow Stock Exchange is planned for the beginning of 2026. According to Samolet Plus' forecasts, the company's share of the real estate market will be 35% in 2026 and its revenues will reach 32 billion RUB.

2024年7月17日

Lukoil, Tatneft, Rostelecom, PhosAgro: conversion of depository receipts to stop on 01 August 2024

Important news for the holders of Lukoil, Tatneft, Rostelecom and PhosAgro DRs – according to Citibank's recent announcement, on 01 August Citi close their books. It means that currently the last day of conversion of these DRs will be on 31.07.2024.

2024年7月8日

PhosAgro: new distribution of dividends (June 2024)

On June 30, 2024 PhosAgro held a general meeting of shareholders that the dividends will be paid to its shareholders in the amount of RUB 294 (approx. EUR 3 as of 10 July 2024) per 1 share.

2024年6月13日

Conversion of Depository Receipts (DRs) into Russian shares. FAQ Update 13 June 2024

Our clients often ask us questions about the conversion of DRs. In February and June we held a webinar to provide an update and we have also collected frequently asked questions and provide our answers below.

2024年6月5日

Depositary Receipts: Webinar 05 June 2024

German law firm AWARR and Russian law firm MAGENTA Legal held another joint webinar on conversion of depositary receipts for shares of Russian companies.

2024年5月27日

Forced (mandatory) conversion of Global Depositary Receipts (GDRs) (2024) of Russia-related companies: Forced conversion of GDRs of VK (VKONTAKTE)

As it was analyzed in our notice regarding forced (mandatory) conversion of Global Depositary Receipts (GDRs) in 2024, forced conversion for the companies, which have re-domiciled to Russia, is already possible meaning that the holders of the GDRs can get a chance to finally convert their GDRs into shares.

2024年5月27日

GAZPROM notice dated 27 May 2024

Our clients now receive the standard informational notice from GAZPROM. Reference No. 927559, type INFO, ISIN RU0007661625. The notice concerns a general meeting of the shareholders that will take place on 28 June 2024

2024年5月25日

GDR conversion call for Russia-redomiciliated companies

Some companies traditionally associated with Russia have long been registered in foreign jurisdictions such as Cyprus (e.g. TCS Group / Tinkoff Bank), the Netherlands (Yandex) or the British Virgin Islands (e.g. VK / VKONTAKTE). These companies organised the issuance of depositary receipts (DRs) for their shares and successfully sold them on foreign markets. Many of our clients have asked whether the forced conversion of such depositary receipts, which will be introduced in 2022, applies to these companies. Our answer was 'no', as the forced conversion was designed exclusively for companies incorporated in the Russian Federation. In the period from 2022 to the present, some of these RF-related companies have decided to redomicile, i.e. to move their registration to Russia which opens up new conversion opportunities.

2024年4月3日

Depository Receipts (DRs) to Russian shares conversion. FAQ (03 April 2024)

Our clients often ask us questions on DRs conversion. In February we held a webinar to provide a status update. We have also collected frequently asked questions and provide our answers below.

2024年3月29日

Exchange of frozen assets between Russia and EU and USA

How foreign companies can exchange blocked Russian rubles for foreign securities

2024年2月29日

Webinar on the conversion of depositary receipts for shares of Russian companies

MAGENTA Legal and the German law firm AWARR Legal held a webinar on the conversion of depositary receipts for shares of Russian companies.

2024年2月28日

Conversion of depositary receipts for shares of Russian companies

存托凭证转换为俄罗斯股票

本所存托凭证业务核心优势

存托凭证的强制转换不仅需要法律分析,更需要与注册登记机构、托管人、公证人以及跨境文件流转进行协同执行。本所的业务结构旨在以全面且运营高效的方式应对这些挑战。

久经验证的强制转换业绩记录

我们已完成涉及俄罗斯主要发行人的众多强制转换及股票分配程序,包括 EVRAZ、HeadHunter、VK(VKontakte)、Tinkoff 及其他存托凭证计划——在所承接的事务中保持 100% 的完成记录。

我们的经验还包括涉及 Gazprom、Lukoil、Tatneft、Aeroflot 及其他公开交易发行人的标准及强制转换及相关程序——总计超过 20 家发行人。

专门的跨境团队

我们的存托凭证事务由一支约 10 名律师组成的团队处理,该团队在三个司法管辖区运作。这种架构能够实现延长的工作覆盖范围,并在紧急情况下提供近乎 24/7 的响应能力。

国际合作与欧洲合作律所

四年多来,我们与多个欧洲司法管辖区的精选合作律所保持密切合作。在需要时,我们能够通过这些律所和/或与其共同构建委托关系,确保符合当地监管及职业要求。

通过塞尔维亚办公室实现运营物流优化

我们在塞尔维亚的常设运营办公室能够优化国际客户的文件流转路径。在许多情况下,根据客户的准备情况及适用要求,文件可在约五个工作日内完成准备、公证及转发。

专业公证基础设施

我们与经验丰富的公证人合作,他们熟悉资本市场文件、存托凭证转换以及俄罗斯注册登记机构和发行人的具体技术要求。这显著降低了正式驳回和程序延误的风险。

快速翻译支持

我们与熟悉资本市场文件的专业译员合作,在需要时能够在约两个工作日内完成紧急认证翻译。

专业社群参与

MAGENTA Legal 是欧洲独联体国家证券持有人协会(EAHCISS)的成员。这使我们能够与代表跨境投资者的专业社群保持联系,并就存托凭证转换及相关监管发展交流实践经验。

专业认可

MAGENTA Legal 在相关业务领域获得了俄罗斯领先法律评级机构的认可,包括 Pravo 300、俄罗斯报(Rossiyskaya Gazeta)及生意人报(Kommersant)。

常见问题解答(FAQ)

基于我们在强制转换事务方面的丰富经验,我们汇总了存托凭证持有人最常提出的问题解答。

目前哪些强制转换程序处于活跃状态?

截至 2026 年 2 月中旬,Ozon 和 CIAN 的存托凭证计划仍开放活跃的强制转换程序。

这些程序与相关发行人的重新 domiciliation(注:企业变更注册国至俄罗斯)有关,即公司将注册地迁至俄罗斯联邦。此类重新 domiciliation 使得俄罗斯法律规定的法定强制转换机制得以实施,允许符合条件的存托凭证持有人将其转换为俄罗斯公司的股票。

与此同时,先前开放的一系列强制转换程序已经完成并目前已关闭。这些程序包括涉及 Tinkoff、HeadHunter 和 VK(VKontakte)的程序,以及与 EVRAZ 重组相关的股票分配程序。

尽管监管发展仍具动态性,但在现行框架下,通常预计已完成程序不会重新开放。

Gazprom、Lukoil、Sberbank 及其他主要发行人的存托凭证情况如何?

涉及多家俄罗斯主要发行人(包括 Gazprom、Lukoil、Sberbank 等)的强制转换程序已于 2022 年实施。这些程序此后已告完成。

我们已多次向立法机关及俄罗斯联邦中央银行提出建议,考虑重新开放或重复类似机制。截至 2026 年 2 月中旬,尚未引入此类重启程序,且在现行监管框架下其恢复的可能性似乎有限。

与此同时,在 2023 至 2024 年期间,部分发行人通过外国托管基础设施推动了所谓的标准(自愿)转换程序。这些程序通常仅在相关存托机构或经纪人开放的极短转换窗口期内可用。

自 2025 年以来,对于绝大多数存托凭证计划,此类自愿转换选项已实际上停止运作。目前,没有公开信息表明此类窗口会重新开放。

同时,强烈建议投资者关注特定发行人的动态,并与其经纪商或托管人核实其特定持股的状态。在个别案例中,市场参与者报告称,某些计划(例如 O'KEY,ISIN US6708662019, ISIN US6708661029 存托凭证)的转换可能性或许仍然存在。

转换后的股票及股息的法律地位如何?

适用于转换后股票及相关股息支付的法律制度,主要取决于持有人根据俄罗斯法律所具有的地位。

俄罗斯法规区分来自所谓“不友好”司法管辖区的人士及其他人士。相关司法管辖区清单由俄罗斯联邦政府批准,目前主要包括所有欧盟成员国、美国、英国(包括其海外领地,如英属维尔京群岛)及其他多个司法管辖区。

一般规则如下:

  • 持有清单所列司法管辖区公民身份的个人,被视为来自“不友好”司法管辖区的个人。
  • 在此类司法管辖区注册成立或受此类司法管辖区人士控制的法人实体,相应地被如此认定。
  • 若个人同时持有清单所列司法管辖区的护照及其他司法管辖区的护照,“不友好”身份通常优先适用。
  • 若个人持有俄罗斯公民身份,则就这些法规而言,无论是否持有其他公民身份,均被视为俄罗斯公民。

除司法管辖区身份外,适用的法律制度还可能取决于证券的取得日期和来源。

鉴于这些标准的复杂性,强烈建议进行个案法律评估。

转换后的股票可以进行哪些操作?

对于被视为来自“不友好”司法管辖区的持有人而言,涉及转换后股票的出售、购买及其他交易,通常须事先获得俄罗斯联邦外国投资政府控制委员会的批准。

在特定情况下获得此类批准是可能的,但在程序上仍然复杂且耗时。

此外,根据适用法规,涉及石油、天然气及特定战略行业公司股票的交易,可能需要获得总统级别的单独批准。

因此,除非获得所需批准,否则此类股票的实际处置途径受到显著限制。

股息可以支付到哪里?

对于受限制制度约束的持有人,股息通常记入在持有转换后股票的俄罗斯银行开立的特殊“C”型银行账户。

“C”型账户通常在首次股息计提时自动开立。然而,记入此类账户的资金受到法定限制。

若股息在存托凭证转换前已宣告,则可能需要单独申领。在此类情况下:

  • 申领程序因发行人和股票类型而异;
  • 一般诉讼时效为自批准股息分配股东大会之日起三年;
  • 对于许多发行人(包括 Lukoil、Rosneft、Tatneft 等),该时效自 2022 年起算;
  • 申领过程通常需要三至六个月。

因此,投资者应及时评估潜在的股息申领,特别是在法定时效可能届满的情况下。

股息可以用于投资吗?

“C”型账户资金(包括股息)的使用受到严格限制——客户仅能进行少数操作,例如支付俄罗斯税费。

“Type S”还是“Type C”——我们如何称呼为非居民投资者开设的俄罗斯专用账户?

俄罗斯立法将该账户称为 «счёт типа “С”»——西里尔字母 «С»,发音类似于英语的 “S”。在英语实践中,同一账户被写作 Type C account(或 C-type account),因为拉丁字母 C 与西里尔字母 «С» 外观相同,且能避免与字母 S 混淆。因此,在我们的网站上,我们使用 Type C account,并偶尔添加注释,说明这正是俄罗斯法律中称为 «счёт типа “С”» 的账户。差异纯粹是转写问题——同一概念,两种字母体系。

免责声明

以上信息仅供一般参考,不构成法律或财务建议。MAGENTA Legal对基于本文信息采取的任何行动(或不行动)不承担法律责任。请咨询您的法律和/或财务顾问。

 

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